This Act may be cited as the Reducing Expensive Departments & Unnecessary Civil Employees Act or the REDUCE Act.

(a) In general Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the head of each agency of the executive branch of the Federal Government shall review each position within such agency and submit a report to Congress on which such positions are redundant and unnecessary. (b) Hiring limitation (1) In general Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the head of each such agency may appoint no more than 1 employee for every 4 employees of the agency retiring, transferring, or otherwise separating from the agency after the date of the enactment of this Act. (2) Application The limitation in paragraph (1) shall apply until the date that the total number of employees at an executive branch agency is equal to or less than 80 percent of the total number of such employees at such agency on the date of the enactment of this Act. (c) RIF or reorganization plan The head of each such agency shall determine which agency components should be eliminated or combined with another component, and establish a plan to so eliminate or combine (as the case may be) such components under a reduction in force or through a reorganization. (d) Exception This section shall not apply to any position or agency component that is critical to national security, public safety, law enforcement, or immigration enforcement, as determined by the head of each executive branch agency.