H.R. 4124 · Where this bill is now
In committee
Introduced in the House, sent to the Committee on the Judiciary, Jun 25, 2025
What this bill does
In plain words · AI-written from the official summaryShifts judicial power among federal appeals courts
This bill changes how federal appeals are handled by reshuffling which courts get which cases. Instead of the Supreme Court hearing certain appeals directly, they would go to the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals. The bill also creates a special 13-judge panel to handle cases involving the federal government, constitutional questions, or executive orders. Additionally, cases seeking to block enforcement of federal laws against people who aren't parties to the lawsuit would be sent to the D.C. Circuit.
How it affects you
The direct effects of this bill would be felt mainly by lawyers, parties to federal lawsuits, and the court system itself, since it reorganizes which courts handle which cases. Most everyday people wouldn't notice changes in their daily lives, though it could eventually affect how quickly certain federal disputes get resolved.
Read the official summary (Introduced in House, Jun 25, 2025)
Restoring Judicial Separation of Powers Act
This bill revises the federal statutory framework that confers appellate jurisdiction to courts.
Among the changes, the bill grants the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit—not the Supreme Court—jurisdiction over
• direct appeals from final decisions of three-judge panels, and
• appeals by certiorari and certified questions.
The bill also establishes a 13-judge multi-circuit panel and grants it jurisdiction over any case in which the United States or a federal agency is a party, or a case concerning constitutional interpretation, statutory interpretation of federal law, or the function or actions of an executive order.
Finally, the bill specifies that whenever an action before a federal court seeks injunctive relief barring the enforcement of a federal law, statute, regulation, or order against a nonparty, the court shall, upon a motion of a party, transfer the action to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit.
Written by AI (Claude) using only the official summary by the Congressional Research Service, the Library of Congress’s nonpartisan research staff. It can miss nuance, so check the official summary and the bill text for details.
1st SessionH. R. 4124
A BILL
Restoring Judicial Separation of Powers Act
Sponsor: Rep. Sean Casten (D-IL-6) · Introduced Jun 25, 2025 · Law · 1 version of the text
Sources: Congress.gov actions and votes · bill text from GovInfo · latest official action Jun 25, 2025: “Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.”