Requirements for congressional districts

(a) Requirements with respect to congressional districts in each State (1) In general Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the congressional districts of each State shall meet each of the following requirements: (A) Each congressional district in the State shall consist of contiguous territory (except to the extent necessary to include any area which is surrounded by a body of water). (B) Each congressional district in the State shall be as compact in form as practicable. (C) No congressional district in the State shall be drawn for the purpose of favoring or disfavoring competition, an incumbent, a particular candidate, or a particular political party. (D) Congressional districts shall be drawn to achieve population equality as nearly as practicable, consistent with the Constitution of the United States. (2) Additional requirement with respect to establishment of congressional districts In establishing each congressional district, the State shall consider the preservation of pre-existing political subdivisions, including counties, cities, tribal land boundaries, and towns. (b) Effective date The requirements under subsection (a) shall apply with respect to any congressional district established on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.