Analysis for road capacity expansion projects

(a) Metropolitan transportation planning (1) Federal-aid highways Section 134(h) of title 23, United States Code, is amended— (A) in paragraph (1)— (i) by redesignating subparagraphs (F) through (J) as subparagraphs (H) through (L), respectively; and (ii) by inserting after subparagraph (E) the following: (F) reduce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions; (G) decrease per capita vehicle miles traveled;; and (B) by adding at the end the following: (4) Analysis of projects that increase traffic capacity (A) Definitions In this paragraph: (i) Covered project The term covered project means a project that— (I) uses funds made available under this title to increase traffic capacity, including— (aa) by adding new travel lanes, including on an existing road; or (bb) by converting shoulder lanes into new travel lanes; or (II) is projected to receive not less than $25,000,000 of Federal funds made available under this title. (ii) Environmental justice community The term environmental justice community means a community with significant representation of communities of color, low-income communities, or Tribal and Indigenous communities, that experiences, or is at risk of experiencing, higher or more adverse human health or environmental effects. (B) Analysis In furtherance of the planning goals described in subparagraphs (F) and (G) of paragraph (1), a metropolitan planning organization, with input from local community-based organizations with relevant expertise, shall conduct and publish an analysis of— (i) the impact on per capita vehicle miles traveled, mobile source greenhouse gas emissions, and non-single-occupancy-vehicle trips, including trips by bicycle, pedestrian travel, public transportation, and passenger rail, prior to approval of each covered project within the metropolitan planning area; and (ii) with respect to environmental justice communities served by the metropolitan planning organization, air pollution, toxic air contaminants, and other environmental justice metrics measured by a Federal environmental justice tool, such as the environmental justice mapping and screening tool created by the Environmental Protection Agency. (5) Requirement for new capacity projects Before carrying out a project to construct new capacity for single occupancy passenger vehicles, a metropolitan planning organization shall submit to the Secretary and make publicly available documents that demonstrate— (A) that the metropolitan planning organization has shown progress in achieving a state of good repair on the National Highway System, as defined in the asset management plan of the State under section 119(e); (B) that the project— (i) supports the achievement of performance targets of the State established under section 150; and (ii) is more cost effective, as determined by a benefit-cost analysis, than— (I) an operational improvement to the facility or corridor; (II) the construction of a public transportation project eligible for assistance under chapter 53 of title 49; or (III) the construction of a non-single occupancy passenger vehicle project that improves freight movement; and (C) that the metropolitan planning organization and the owner of the facility have a public plan for maintaining and operating the new asset while continuing progress in achieving a state of good repair as described in subparagraph (A).. (2) Public transportation Section 5303(h)(1) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (F) through (I) as subparagraphs (H) through (K), respectively; and (B) by inserting after subparagraph (E) the following: (F) reduce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions; (G) decrease per capita vehicle miles traveled;. (b) Statewide and nonmetropolitan transportation planning (1) Federal-aid highways Section 135(d) of title 23, United States Code, is amended— (A) in paragraph (1)— (i) by redesignating subparagraphs (F) through (J) as subparagraphs (H) through (L), respectively; and (ii) by inserting after subparagraph (E) the following: (F) reduce carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions; (G) decrease per capita vehicle miles traveled;; and (B) by adding at the end the following: (4) Analysis of projects that increase traffic capacity (A) Definitions In this paragraph: (i) Covered project The term covered project means a project that— (I) uses funds made available under this title to increase traffic capacity, including— (aa) by adding new travel lanes, including on an existing road; or (bb) by converting shoulder lanes into new travel lanes; or (II) is projected to receive not less than $25,000,000 of Federal funds made available under this title. (ii) Environmental justice community The term environmental justice community means a community with significant representation of communities of color, low-income communities, or Tribal and Indigenous communities, that experiences, or is at risk of experiencing, higher or more adverse human health or environmental effects. (B) Analysis In furtherance of the planning goals described in subparagraphs (F) and (G) of paragraph (1), a State shall conduct and publish an analysis of— (i) the impact on per capita vehicle miles traveled, mobile source greenhouse gas emissions, and non-single-occupancy-vehicle trips, including trips by bicycle, pedestrian travel, public transportation, and passenger rail, prior to approval of each covered project within the State; and (ii) with respect to environmental justice communities served by the State, air pollution, toxic air contaminants, and other environmental justice metrics measured by a Federal environmental justice tool, such as the environmental justice mapping and screening tool created by the Environmental Protection Agency. (5) Requirement for new capacity projects Before carrying out a project to construct new capacity for single occupancy passenger vehicles, a State shall submit to the Secretary and make publicly available documents that demonstrate— (A) that the State has shown progress in achieving a state of good repair on the National Highway System, as defined in the asset management plan of the State under section 119(e); (B) that the project— (i) supports the achievement of performance targets of the State established under section 150; and (ii) is more cost effective, as determined by a benefit-cost analysis, than— (I) an operational improvement to the facility or corridor; (II) the construction of a public transportation project eligible for assistance under chapter 53 of title 49; or (III) the construction of a non-single occupancy passenger vehicle project that improves freight movement; and (C) that the State has a public plan for maintaining and operating the new asset while continuing progress in achieving a state of good repair as described in subparagraph (A).. (2) Public transportation Section 5304(d)(1) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (F) through (I) as subparagraphs (H) through (K), respectively; and (B) by inserting after subparagraph (E) the following: (F) reduce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions; (G) decrease per capita vehicle miles traveled;.