National Academies review

Not later than 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 5 years thereafter, the Administrator shall enter into an arrangement with the National Academies (or, if the National Academies decline to enter into such arrangement, another appropriate entity) under which the National Academies, acting through the National Academy of Sciences and the National Research Council, will submit a report to the Administrator and the Congress on the prospects for avoiding dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system and the progress made to date. Each such report shall— (1) evaluate whether the net emissions reduction targets promulgated pursuant to section 301 and the other policies to reduce United States net greenhouse gas emissions under this Act, the amendments made by this Act, and other provisions of law, including the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.), are likely to be sufficient to avoid dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system, taking into account the actions of other nations; and (2) if the National Academies concludes that such targets and policies are not likely to be sufficient to avoid dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system— (A) identify the needed amount of further reductions in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations; and (B) recommend additional United States and international actions to further reduce atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations.