National drug involved crash data collection system

(a) Purpose The purpose of this section is to track and analyze the role of drugs in serious injury and fatal traffic crashes, supporting enforcement, prevention, and research. (b) Definitions In this section: (1) Drug involved crash The term drug involved crash means a crash causing serious injury or death in which 1 or more drivers test positive for impairing substances other than alcohol. (2) Impairing substance The term impairing substance means prescription, over-the-counter, controlled, or illicit psychoactive drugs affecting driving. (3) State The term State means the 50 States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands. (c) Establishment The Administrator of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration shall establish a national drug involved crash data collection system to— (1) collect standardized toxicology data from States for fatal and serious injury crashes; (2) link crash data with medical, coroner, hospital, and emergency medical services records; (3) provide model protocols for specimen collection, testing, and reporting; (4) operate sentinel sites in multiple States to pilot enhanced data collection; and (5) report annually to Congress and the public on trends, substance types, and geographic patterns. (d) State grants (1) In general The Administrator may award grants to States for toxicology labs, specimen collection, training, data systems, and data linkage. (2) Prioritization In awarding grants under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall prioritize States that contain high-fatality, rural, or underserved areas. (3) Non-Federal funds The Administrator may require a non-Federal match from a State to be eligible for a grant under this subsection unless the State demonstrates hardship. (e) Implementation timeline (1) Model protocols Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall publish the model protocols required under subsection (c)(3). (2) Sentinel sites The Administrator shall ensure that the sentinel sites required under subsection (c)(3) are operational not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act. (3) Submission of data The Administrator shall ensure that the system established under this section has begun collecting standardized toxicology data from States for fatal and serious injury crashes beginning not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act. (f) Privacy protections Any data made available to the public pursuant to this section shall be deidentified before and used in compliance with Federal and State privacy laws, including the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–191), as applicable. (g) Authorization There is authorized to be appropriated out of the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 through 2031 to carry out this section.