Findings

Congress finds the following: (1) The Fourth Amendment protects the right of individuals to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures, including unlawful vehicle stops and demands for identification. (2) In recent years, private individuals and organizations have engaged in conduct resembling law enforcement activities, including vehicle stops, identity checks, and license plate surveillance, without lawful authority. (3) Such conduct undermines public safety, interferes with Federal operations, and deprives individuals of rights secured by the Constitution and laws of the United States. (4) Congress has authority under article I, section 8, and section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment to protect civil rights and ensure the unobstructed execution of Federal law.