Short title; table of contents

(a) Short title This Act may be cited as the Railroad Safety Enhancement Act of 2026. (b) Table of contents The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Title I—Rail Safety Sec. 101. Definitions. Sec. 102. Safety requirements for high-hazard trains. Sec. 103. Ensuring the safety of long trains. Sec. 104. Blocked highway-rail grade crossings. Sec. 105. Inspections. Sec. 106. Emergency brake signals. Sec. 107. Defect detection systems. Sec. 108. Safe Freight Act of 2023. Sec. 109. Increased penalties for violations of rail safety regulations. Sec. 110. Safer tank cars. Sec. 111. Rail safety infrastructure research and development grants. Sec. 112. Authorization of appropriations for tank car research and development. Sec. 113. Federal Railroad Administration safety culture. Sec. 114. GAO report on roadway worker protections. Sec. 115. Federal Railroad Administration safety workforce management. Sec. 116. Office of Personnel Management review of safety inspector and specialist classifications. Sec. 117. Alcohol and drug testing. Sec. 118. Confidential close call reporting system. Sec. 119. AskRail application. Sec. 120. Increased funding for the railroad crossing elimination grant program. Sec. 121. Train approach warning. Title II—HAZARDOUS MATERIALS EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND PREPAREDNESS Sec. 201. Hazardous materials registration fees. Sec. 202. Virtual training options. Sec. 203. Hazardous materials transportation emergency response and preparedness grants. Sec. 204. Emergency response assistance.