Findings

Congress finds the following: (1) Research indicates that children living in the poorest 20 percent of neighborhoods in the United States will experience the most negative and long-lasting effects of school closures. (2) Researchers predict that 1 year of school closures will cost ninth graders in the poorest communities a 25-percent decrease in their post-educational earning potential, even if that year of closure is followed by 3 years of normal schooling. By contrast, the same researchers predict no substantial losses for students from the richest 20 percent of neighborhoods. (3) Long periods of school closures during the COVID–19 pandemic deprive low-income students and students of color the equalizing force of education. (4) School closures will widen educational inequality and the learning gaps created by these closures will persist as students progress through high school, putting their future prospects at risk. (5) Data shows that closed classrooms were disproportionately composed of disadvantaged students, as well as students with low mathematics scores, students with limited English proficiency, or students who qualify for a free or reduced priced lunch. (6) School shutdowns contribute to disproportionate learning loss for disadvantaged students, compounding existing gaps.