Consultations on threats to United States space security

(a) In general No later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for 3 years, the Secretary of State, acting through the Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, shall consult the appropriate congressional committees on the current and emerging threats to the space security of the United States. The consultations may include— (1) information on any roles and responsibilities of the Department of State pursuant to Executive Order 14369 (90 Fed. Reg. 60537; relating to ensuring American space superiority); (2) threats posed to the space interests of the United States and its allies and partners from the military or dual-use space systems of the adversaries of the United States; (3) an assessment of such adversaries’ intentions in the space domain and their posture toward developing international norms or bilateral or multilateral risk reduction mechanisms in space; (4) the Department of State’s efforts to prevent such adversaries from endangering the space systems of the United States, including through efforts with allies and partners and shaping international norms for behavior in space; (5) information on any country’s plans or intent to put a nuclear weapon in space; (6) the intent of the People’s Republic of China or the Russian Federation to use ground-based or in-orbit counterspace systems against the space assets of the United States or efforts to hold such assets at risk; (7) the status of international discussions on space arms control or related space security issues, including transparency and confidence building measures and space security dialogues undertaken under section 6; (8) an identification of any existing barriers, including policies, processes, or authorities that limit the ability of United States companies to cooperate with allies and partners, and information on the steps the Secretary of State is taking to address such barriers; and (9) actions taken in the preceding year, or planned coordination for the proceeding year, with allies and partners to safeguard the space security interests of the United States and its allies and partners. (b) Adversary changes Not later than 30 days after the date on which the Secretary of State determines that there has been a significant change to the space posture, intention, or capability of an adversary of the United States, the Secretary shall notify and consult the appropriate congressional committees on such change.