Fees on criteria air pollutants

(a) Emissions profile Not later than January 1, 2027, the Administrator shall develop a lifecycle emissions profile for each fuel used in maritime shipping to express the emissions from the combustion of that fuel of each of nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) per unit mass combusted. (b) Assessment of fee (1) In general Beginning on January 1, 2027, not later than 30 days after the date on which the Administrator receives from the operator of a covered voyage the information required to be submitted under section 4(a), the Administrator shall assess on the operator a fee with respect to the covered voyage in an amount determined in accordance with paragraph (2). (2) Amount of fee (A) In general Subject to subparagraph (B), the amount of a fee assessed under paragraph (1) shall be the total sum of, for each type of fuel consumed during the covered voyage— (i) the product obtained by multiplying— (I) the total mass of the fuel consumed during the covered voyage within the exclusive economic zone, the territorial sea, and the internal waters of the United States; (II) the quantity of nitrogen oxides emitted by the consumption of the fuel, expressed in pounds per unit mass of fuel consumed, as determined under subsection (a); and (III) $6.30; (ii) the product obtained by multiplying— (I) the total mass of the fuel consumed during the covered voyage within the exclusive economic zone, the territorial sea, and the internal waters of the United States; (II) the quantity of sulfur dioxide emitted by the consumption of the fuel, expressed in pounds per unit mass of fuel consumed, as determined under subsection (a); and (III) $18; and (iii) the product obtained by multiplying— (I) the total mass of the fuel consumed during the covered voyage within the exclusive economic zone, the territorial sea, and the internal waters of the United States; (II) the quantity of fine particulate matter emitted by the consumption of the fuel, expressed in pounds per unit mass of fuel consumed, as determined under subsection (a); and (III) $38.90. (B) Inflation adjustment Beginning in calendar year 2028, the Administrator shall annually increase the amounts described in clauses (i)(III), (ii)(III), and (iii)(III) of subparagraph (A) by the percentage that is equal to the sum obtained by adding— (i) the rate of inflation, as determined by the Administrator using the changes for the 12-month period ending the preceding November 30 in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Department of Labor; and (ii) 5 percentage points. (3) Deadline A fee assessed under paragraph (1) shall be due and payable to the Administrator not later than the later of— (A) the date that is 30 days after the date on which the fee is assessed; and (B) the end of the calendar year in which the fee is assessed. (4) Penalty If an operator fails to pay a fee assessed under paragraph (1) by the date described in paragraph (3)— (A) the amount of the fee shall be increased by 20 percent; and (B) for each consecutive 30-day period beginning after the date described in paragraph (3), the amount of the fee shall be increased by an additional 20 percent until the date on which the fee is paid to the Administrator.