Short title; statement of constitutional authority; table of contents

(a) Short title This Act may be cited as the Redistricting Reform Act of 2025. (b) Finding of Constitutional authority Congress finds that it has the authority to establish the terms and conditions States must follow in carrying out congressional redistricting after an apportionment of Members of the House of Representatives because— (1) the authority granted to Congress under article I, section 4 of the Constitution of the United States gives Congress the power to enact laws governing the time, place, and manner of elections for Members of the House of Representatives; (2) the authority granted to Congress under section 5 of the fourteenth amendment to the Constitution gives Congress the power to enact laws to enforce section 2 of such amendment, which requires Representatives to be apportioned among the several States according to their number; (3) the authority granted to Congress under section 5 of the fourteenth amendment to the Constitution gives Congress the power to enact laws to enforce section 1 of such amendment, including protections against excessive partisan gerrymandering that Federal courts have not enforced because they understand such enforcement to be committed to Congress by the Constitution; (4) of the authority granted to Congress to enforce article IV, section 4, of the Constitution, and the guarantee of a Republican Form of Government to every State, which Federal courts have not enforced because they understand such enforcement to be committed to Congress by the Constitution; and (5) requiring States to use uniform redistricting criteria is an appropriate and important exercise of such authority. (c) Table of contents The table of contents of this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; statement of constitutional authority; table of contents. Title I—Requirements for Congressional Redistricting Sec. 101. Requiring congressional redistricting to be conducted through plan of independent State commission. Sec. 102. Ban on mid-decade redistricting. Sec. 103. Criteria for redistricting. Title II—Independent Redistricting Commissions Sec. 201. Independent redistricting commission. Sec. 202. Establishment of selection pool of individuals eligible to serve as members of commission. Sec. 203. Public notice and input. Sec. 204. Establishment of related entities. Sec. 205. Report on diversity of memberships of independent redistricting commissions. Title III—Role of Courts in Development of Redistricting Plans Sec. 301. Failure by State to enact plan. Sec. 302. Special rule for redistricting conducted under order of Federal court. Title IV—Administrative and Miscellaneous Provisions Sec. 401. Payments to States for carrying out redistricting. Sec. 402. Civil enforcement. Sec. 403. State apportionment notice defined. Sec. 404. No effect on elections for State and local office. Sec. 405. Effective date.