Monitoring of marine carbon dioxide removal

(a) In general For field activities conducted as part of the Program, the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, provide or otherwise develop the instrumentation, infrastructure, and personnel for efficient and rigorous monitoring to— (1) understand and minimize negative ecosystem, community, cultural, and economic impacts related to marine carbon dioxide removal, including impacts to Native American communities; and (2) maximize co-benefits of marine carbon dioxide removal for communities and ecosystems. (b) Monitoring goals In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary shall— (1) use monitoring assets to achieve the objectives described in section 101(b)(1); (2) support compliance with applicable environmental law; (3) support rigorous, science-based approaches for the research, development, and trialing of technologies for marine carbon dioxide removal; (4) incorporate traditional ecological knowledge; (5) develop and improve technologies for monitoring, modeling, analyzing, remediating, or mitigating impacts from marine carbon dioxide removal; (6) study ecosystem responses to marine carbon dioxide removal technology; and (7) collect data to inform the development of uniform standards and protocols for marine carbon dioxide removal, including— (A) the amount of carbon dioxide removed from the ocean and the atmosphere attributable to marine carbon dioxide removal; (B) the duration of carbon sequestration and risk of reversal of sequestration, as applicable; (C) the total energetic requirements of all processes and activities associated with the capture and storage of carbon dioxide and associated carbon dioxide release; and (D) other metrics the Secretary considers necessary or advisable, including those developed through consultation with Indian Tribes and Native Hawaiian organizations. (c) Technical assistance To support the development of reliable, fair, and efficient voluntary carbon markets and best practices, the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Energy, may provide technical assistance to promote consistency, reliability, effectiveness, efficiency, and transparency, including through protocol documents and details relating to— (1) calculations; (2) sampling methodologies; (3) accounting principles; (4) systems for measurement, monitoring, reporting, and verification; and (5) methods to account for additionality, durability and duration of carbon storage, leakage, and, as appropriate, avoidance of double counting. (d) Public-Private-Academic partnerships The Secretary may examine and develop models for public-private-academic partnerships to efficiently monitor marine carbon dioxide removal, including with respect to— (1) data sharing and standardization; (2) cost sharing; (3) in-kind contributions; and (4) contracts and grants for third-party monitoring activities. (e) Contracts In carrying out this section, the Secretary may enter into contracts the Secretary considers necessary or advisable. (f) Unlimited right data (1) In general Subject to contracts protecting confidential proprietary data, the Secretary shall make monitoring data collected, and protocols created, under this section available to the public at no-cost and with no restrictions on copying, publishing, distributing, citing, adapting, or otherwise using such data or protocols. (2) Limitation (A) In general The Secretary may enter into cooperative research and development agreements that restrict data sharing and ensure protection of intellectual property for such users of research areas designated or established under section 103 as the Secretary considers appropriate. (B) Required permission to share The Secretary may not share or otherwise disclose the monitoring data of any Indian Tribe, Tribal organization, or Native Hawaiian organization without the express permission of the Indian Tribe, Tribal organization or Native Hawaiian organization.