Early access: 15,549 bills from the current Congress so far, more added daily. Data from Congress.gov, GovInfo and the House and Senate vote records, updated Oct 13, 2026.
Public Law TrackerPLTPublic Law Tracker
S. 4689IntroducedSenate · nowHousePresidentLawIn committee
Sec. 4 · S. 4689

Definitions

Read this section in the full bill →

No wording changed between Introduced and Committee version.

How the text changed

Introduced · Sec. 4

In this Act: (1) Evidence-based The term evidence-based has the meaning given the term in section 8101(21) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801(21)), except that subclause (III) of subparagraph (A)(i) of such section shall not apply. (2) Science of reading The term science of reading means an interdisciplinary body of research from cognitive science, neuroscience, and education that— (A) demonstrates the explicit, systematic use of the essential components of phonemic awareness, phonic decoding, fluency, language structure, oral language, vocabulary, background knowledge, and literacy knowledge, which together lead to strong comprehension; (B) recognizes the connection of reading and writing and the importance of strong writing instruction; (C) does not use a three-cueing model; and (D) is inclusive of comprehensive literacy instruction. (3) Three-cueing model The term three-cueing model means an instructional approach that— (A) uses meaning drawn from context, pictures, or syntax as the primary basis for teaching word recognition (commonly referred to as meaning, structure and syntax, and visual cues or MSV); or (B) teaches visual memory as the primary basis for word recognition.

•S 4689 ISSEC. 4
Committee version · Sec. 4

In this Act: (1) Evidence-based The term evidence-based has the meaning given the term in section 8101(21) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801(21)), except that subclause (III) of subparagraph (A)(i) of such section shall not apply. (2) Science of reading The term science of reading means an interdisciplinary body of research from cognitive science, neuroscience, and education that— (A) demonstrates the explicit, systematic use of the essential components of phonemic awareness, phonic decoding, fluency, language structure, oral language, vocabulary, background knowledge, and literacy knowledge, which together lead to strong comprehension; (B) recognizes the connection of reading and writing and the importance of strong writing instruction; (C) does not use a three-cueing model; and (D) is inclusive of comprehensive literacy instruction. (3) Three-cueing model The term three-cueing model means an instructional approach that— (A) uses meaning drawn from context, pictures, or syntax as the primary basis for teaching word recognition (commonly referred to as meaning, structure and syntax, and visual cues or MSV); or (B) teaches visual memory as the primary basis for word recognition.

•S 4689 RSSEC. 4

added wordsremoved wordsComparison computed by Public Law Tracker from the official text

Sec. 4: Definitions · Public Law Tracker