Tariff-rate quotas on rice

(a) Aggregate limitation In calendar year 2028 and each calendar year thereafter, the aggregate quantity of rice that may enter the United States at the rate of duty specified in column 1 of the HTS during that calendar year may not exceed a quantity that is equal to 10 percent of the total quantity of rice used in the United States during the previous marketing year, as reported by the World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates report published by the Department of Agriculture. (b) Country limitations (1) In general In calendar year 2028 and each calendar year thereafter— (A) the aggregate quantity of rice originating in India that may enter the United States at the rate of duty specified in column 1 of the HTS is a quantity not to exceed 12 percent of the aggregate limitation under subsection (a); (B) the aggregate quantity of rice originating in Pakistan that may enter the United States at the rate of duty specified in column 1 of the HTS is a quantity not to exceed 14 percent of the aggregate limitation under subsection (a); (C) the aggregate quantity of rice originating in Thailand that may enter the United States at the rate of duty specified in column 1 of the HTS is a quantity not to exceed 58 percent of the aggregate limitation under subsection (a); (D) the aggregate quantity of rice originating in Vietnam that may enter the United States at the rate of duty specified in column 1 of the HTS is a quantity not to exceed 2 percent of the aggregate limitation under subsection (a); and (E) the aggregate quantity of rice originating in all countries (subject to subsection (g)), in the aggregate, not specified in any of subparagraphs (A) through (D) that may enter the United States at the rate of duty specified in column 1 of the HTS is 14 percent of the aggregate limitation under subsection (a). (2) Reallocation authority If the Secretary of Agriculture determines that the aggregate quantity of rice originating in a country specified in any of subparagraphs (A) through (D) of paragraph (1) entering the United States in a calendar year will be less than the limitation applicable to the country under that paragraph, the Secretary may increase the limitation for all countries under subparagraph (E) of that paragraph by the quantity by which the limitation applicable to the country exceeds the quantity of rice originating in the country and entering the United States during that year. (c) Transition rule for calendar year 2027 In calendar year 2027— (1) the aggregate quantity of rice originating in India that may enter the United States at the rate of duty specified in column 1 of the HTS is 49,000,000 kilograms; (2) the aggregate quantity of rice originating in Pakistan that may enter the United States at the rate of duty specified in column 1 of the HTS is 14,000,000 kilograms; (3) the aggregate quantity of rice originating in the People's Republic of China that may enter the United States at the rate of duty specified in column 1 of the HTS is 11,000,000 kilograms; (4) the aggregate quantity of rice originating in Thailand that may enter the United States at the rate of duty specified in column 1 of the HTS is 129,000,000 kilograms; (5) the aggregate quantity of rice originating in Vietnam that may enter the United States at the rate of duty specified in column 1 of the HTS is 4,400,000 kilograms; and (6) the aggregate quantity of rice originating in all countries, in the aggregate, not specified in any of paragraphs (1) through (5) that may enter the United States at the rate of duty specified in column 1 of the HTS is 24,000,000 kilograms. (d) Above-Quota rate Subject to subsections (e) and (f), the rate of the duty applicable to the quantity of rice entering the United States in a calendar year in excess of an applicable limitation under subsection (b) or (c) shall be 65 percent ad valorem. (e) Additional safeguard (1) In general If the aggregate quantity of rice entering the United States from a country specified in any of subparagraphs (A) through (D) of subsection (b)(1) in a calendar year exceeds the quantity for that country specified in paragraph (2), the rate of duty applicable to the quantity of rice entering the United States from that country in excess of the quantity specified in paragraph (2) shall be 130 percent ad valorem. (2) Quantity specified The quantity specified in this paragraph is 120 percent of the limitation applicable to the country for a calender year under subsection (b) or (c), as applicable. (f) Application of other duties Imports of rice, whether or not in excess of a limitation under subsection (b) or (c), shall, in addition to any duties imposed under this section, be subject to all duties applicable to the products under any other provision of law, including antidumping or countervailing duties under title VII of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1677 et seq.). (g) Exclusion of imports from Canada and Mexico This section shall not apply to rice that qualifies as an originating good under section 202 of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act (19 U.S.C. 4531). (h) Definitions In this section: (1) HTS The term HTS means the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States. (2) Rice The term rice means— (A) rice classified under heading 1006 of the HTS; and (B) rice flour classified under subheading 1102.90.25 of the HTS.