Review and report on fragility and national security in the food system

(a) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall— (1) conduct a review of the fragility of the food system in the United States with respect to meat, poultry, and dairy; and (2) submit to Congress a report containing the results of such review. (b) Requirements The report under subsection (a) shall include information on, and an analysis of— (1) the reach of corporate consolidation and corporate control of the meat, poultry, and dairy supply chain, including animal feed, inputs for animal feed, processing, and distribution; (2) the effects of corporate consolidation and corporate control of the meat, poultry, and dairy supply chain on— (A) consumers, farmers, rural communities, and meat, poultry, and dairy processing workers; (B) greenhouse gas emissions, climate change, and costs borne by communities to adapt to climate change; (C) water quality, soil quality, air quality, and biodiversity; and (D) politics and political lobbying; (3) (A) the extent to which Department of Agriculture rules and regulations designed for large covered establishments are applied to small- and medium-sized covered establishments; and (B) the need for the Secretary of Agriculture to adapt rules and regulations to benefit small- and medium-sized covered establishments; (4) the effects of the COVID–19 pandemic on meat, poultry, and dairy exports; meat, poultry, and dairy cold storage inventories; processing rates of meat, poultry, and dairy; and the net profits earned by owners of covered establishments; (5) the effect of the COVID–19 pandemic on meat, poultry, and dairy prices paid— (A) to farmers; and (B) by consumers; (6) Federal support for the corporations that control the largest percentage of the meat, poultry, and dairy industry through contracts, procurement, subsidies, and other mechanisms; (7) the risk of disruption caused by corporate consolidation among covered establishments, including an analysis of food supply chain issues resulting from the COVID–19 pandemic; and (8) the extent to which breaking up the meat packing oligopoly and the dairy processing oligopoly would increase food system resiliency for the next pandemic. (c) Covered establishment defined In this section, the term covered establishment means— (1) an establishment that is subject to inspection under the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); (2) an establishment that is subject to inspection under the Poultry Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 451 et seq.); and (3) an establishment— (A) that is a dairy operation (as defined in section 1401 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9051)); or (B) that processes dairy.