Sense of Congress

It is the sense of Congress that— (1) artificial intelligence models owned by United States private sector entities are essential for advancing economic and national security interests of the United States; (2) many of the most advanced artificial intelligence models owned by United States entities are closed-source models whose unique technical characteristics are not openly shared or published; (3) the unauthorized acquisition of model capabilities, such as model weights, model architectures, and other technical characteristics of closed-source artificial intelligence models, by persons of concern through model extraction attacks represents a threat to the national security and foreign policy interests of the United States, as well as the intellectual property rights and economic competitiveness of United States entities; (4) the United States Government, in cooperation with private owners of closed-source artificial intelligence models, should take steps to identify, punish, and deter model extraction attacks on the protected capabilities of closed-source artificial intelligence models by persons of concern; (5) model extraction attacks against United States closed-source artificial intelligence models allow foreign adversaries a short cut to acquiring advanced artificial intelligence capabilities; and (6) authorized model training practices that adhere to the terms of service or are otherwise consistent with contractual terms set by the owners of closed-source artificial intelligence models are a legitimate research method that play an important role in artificial intelligence research and are fundamentally distinct from model extraction attacks addressed by this Act.