Oversight

(a) Oversight of stabilization assistance (1) Strategy Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit an unclassified strategy, with a classified annex, if necessary, to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives that describes— (A) how the United States, working with relevant foreign governments, multilateral organizations, and nongovernmental organizations, will support the safe, informed, durable, and voluntary return of Syrian refugees in Lebanon back to their home communities; (B) the diplomatic efforts carried out by the United States Government to urge contributing countries of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon to donate existing equipment, vehicles, and facilities to the Lebanese Armed Forces upon the termination of United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon’s mandate in accordance with United Nations Security Council Resolution 2790 (2025), pursuant to efforts to bolster the capability of the Lebanese Armed Forces in southern Lebanon; (C) the diplomatic efforts carried out by the United States Government, including by supporting multilateral pledging events and using its positions in international financial institutions, to encourage strategic burden sharing and the coordination of donations with international donors, including foreign governments and multilateral organizations, to advance the provision of humanitarian assistance to the people of Lebanon, especially internally displaced persons; and (D) how the United States Government is— (i) overcoming reconstruction challenges in southern Lebanon to counter any role Hezbollah may be playing in reconstruction and provision of social services; (ii) mitigating risk of diversion or benefit to non-state armed groups in Lebanon, particularly Hezbollah; and (iii) ensuring effective delivery of assistance. (2) Initial report Before obligating any amounts from the fund established pursuant to section 3(b), the Secretary of State shall submit an unclassified report, with a classified annex, if necessary, to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives that describes— (A) accounting, monitoring, evaluation or oversight procedures being implemented to prevent the diversion of the United States Government assistance, including assistance from the fund established pursuant to section 3(b), to Hezbollah or other non-state armed groups in Lebanon or their affiliates and to ensure such assistance is being used for the purposes for which it was obligated; and (B) the diplomatic efforts carried out by the United States Government, including by supporting multilateral pledging events and using its positions in international financial institutions, to encourage strategic burden sharing and the coordination of donations with international donors, including foreign governments and multilateral organizations, to advance the provision of assistance for the reconstruction of services and institutions of the Government of Lebanon and of municipal governments in Lebanon and the building and rebuilding of civilian infrastructure in Lebanon. (3) Retention and readiness report Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit an unclassified report, with a classified annex, if necessary, to the congressional committees referred to in paragraph (2) that describes the effect of the amounts appropriated pursuant to subsections (c) and (d) of section 3 on the retention and readiness of the Lebanese Armed Forces and the Internal Security Forces. (b) Oversight of support assistance Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for the following 3 years, the Secretary of State shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives an unclassified report, with a classified annex, if necessary, that— (1) describes the progress made by the Government of Lebanon, the Lebanese Armed Forces, and the Internal Security Forces and any remaining gaps in developing and implementing a plan, with timelines and measurable objectives— (A) to fully disarm Hezbollah, including with the support of the United States and the international community; (B) to expand state services and increasing legitimate political participation in Lebanese communities that are currently dependent on parallel services from Hezbollah; and (C) to implement— (i) the August 2025 decision to exercise a state monopoly of arms; (ii) the September 2025 plan to achieve this monopoly by disarming Hezbollah; (iii) the March 2026 decision to ban Hezbollah security and military activities; and (iv) the April 2026 decision to bring weapons in Beirut under government control; (2) details the Government of Iran’s illicit financing and support of armed non-state actors in Lebanon, including Hezbollah and institutions it controls, such as Al-Qard Al-Hassan; (3) describes whether and how the political and economic stability, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of Lebanon are important for regional stability and the national economic and security interests of the United States; (4) (A) describes the efforts led by the United States to coordinate and deconflict between the Lebanese Armed Forces and the Israel Defense Forces; (B) assesses the steps that should be taken by the Lebanese Armed Forces to increase coordination and deconfliction; (C) assesses the steps that should be taken by the Israel Defense Forces to increase coordination and deconfliction; (D) describes additional authorities or tools that may aid these coordination and deconfliction efforts or increase the ability of the United States to provide effective guidance to the Lebanese Armed Forces and Israel Defense Forces; and (E) describes efforts to build upon the monitoring mechanism led by the United States after the Announcement of a Cessation of Hostilities and Related Commitments on November 27, 2024, to establish a combined intelligence and military coordination body with international partners that sets clear, measurable objectives and time-bound metrics to ensure credibility and transparency in the process of disarming Hezbollah; (5) identifies the steps the Government of Lebanon is taking to enact reforms to Lebanon’s banking and financial sectors, including— (A) steps to implement Lebanon’s April 2025 bank secrecy law; (B) steps to pass and implement a law to restructure Lebanon’s banking sector; and (C) steps to pass and implement a law to address the allocation of losses in Lebanon’s banking sector; (6) describes the progress made toward building peaceful relations between the Government of Lebanon and the Government of Israel, including— (A) steps to pursue negotiations and efforts to impede negotiations; (B) the advisory and coordination mechanisms set up by the United States and the international community; (C) progress made as a result of direct negotiations that— (i) recognize Lebanon’s sovereignty; (ii) affirm that the Government of Lebanon, rather than any foreign power (such as Iran), is the representative of the Lebanese people; (iii) undermine Iran’s claims to negotiate for Lebanon; and (iv) undermine Iran’s attempts to intrude in Lebanon’s domestic affairs and the conduct of its foreign policy; and (D) steps to suspend the enforcement of, or repeal, Lebanon’s anti-normalization laws, derived from Lebanon Law 1/1955, which was ratified by the Parliament of Lebanon on June 23, 1955, to prohibit any economic, commercial, or personal interactions between the people of Lebanon and the people of Israel, and provisions of the Lebanese Criminal Code and the Lebanese Code of Military Justice; and (7) describes humanitarian and reconstruction needs and challenges in Lebanon, including— (A) the immediate state of humanitarian needs and the long-term reconstruction needs in Lebanon, particularly south of the Litani river; (B) the causes of such challenges; (C) efforts that have been made to address these challenges; (D) the effects of not addressing these challenges on the economy and security inside Lebanon; and (E) the effects of such challenges on regional stability and security if applicable.