Report and assessment relating to United States force posture adjustments in Europe

(a) Report (1) In general Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Commander of the United States European Command shall submit to the congressional defense committees a report that includes the risk assessment of the Commander with respect to United States force posture changes implemented after January 20, 2025, in the area of responsibility of the United States European Command. (2) Elements The report required by paragraph (1) shall include an assessment of the following: (A) The ability of the United States to meet military campaign plans in the area of responsibility of the United States European Command. (B) The ability of the United States to meet the regional plans of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization adopted at the 2023 Vilnius Summit. (C) The ability of the United States to meet the defense and deterrence requirements of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. (3) Form The report required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified annex. (b) Independent assessment by the Government Accountability Office (1) Assessment required Not later than 180 days after the submission of the report required by subsection (a), the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to the congressional defense committees an independent assessment of— (A) the analytical framework, analysis of alternatives, wargaming activities and other operational assessments, intelligence assessments, and operational and strategic risk assessments used in conducting the review of global force posture undertaken during development of the national defense strategy most recently prepared pursuant to section 113(g) of title 10, United States Code, specifically as it pertains to the area of responsibility of the United States European Command; (B) the conclusions drawn from such review of global force posture; and (C) the extent to which such analytical framework, analysis of alternatives, wargaming activities and other operational assessments, intelligence assessments, and operational and strategic risk assessments informed and were consistent with changes to United States force posture in the area of responsibility of the United States European Command implemented after January 20, 2025. (2) Elements The assessment required by paragraph (1) shall include the following: (A) An evaluation of the completeness, rigor, and methodological validity of the analytical framework, assumptions, scenarios, intelligence inputs, and analysis of alternatives. (B) An assessment of the consistency between the analytical conclusions and actual posture decisions implemented after January 20, 2025. (C) A review of the sensitivity of conclusions to key assumptions and variables. (D) An identification of any gaps, limitations, or sources of analytical risk. (E) An evaluation of the implications of each such adjustment for United States national security interests, the deterrence and defense posture of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and execution of combatant commander campaign plans and North Atlantic Treaty Organization regional plans. (3) Access to information The Secretary of Defense shall provide the Comptroller General with timely access to all data, assumptions, models, briefings, analyses, memoranda, recommendations, dissenting views, decision memoranda, and other information necessary to carry out the assessment required under this subsection, including classified information, consistent with applicable law.